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Component and Systems Reliability Analysis into Slope Stability:Limitations of FOSM and Need for Unified Frameworks

Diego Oviedo, Claudia Rincon

In the proceedings of: GeoManitoba 2025: 78th Canadian Geotechnical Conference & 9th Canadian Permafrost Conference

Session: Slope Stability & Stabilization

ABSTRACT: Engineering design must address physical uncertainty and temporal variability. In geotechnical engineering, this uncertainty arises from the heterogeneity of soils, while temporal variability often comes from natural vibrations, machine-induced vibrations, or seasonal groundwater fluctuations. The Canadian Foundations Engineering Manual (CFEM) now incorporates significant advancements in reliability-based design. Still, there are gaps regarding the relationships between the safety factors, reliability index, and probability of failure. The reliability problem has been formulated for over fifty years. It presents three main challenges: accurately defining failure and safe conditions (epistemic uncertainty), creating robust models with random variables (uncertainty quantification), and efficiently evaluating the probability of failure (numerical analysis). This manuscript examines the benefits and limitations of traditional slope stability analysis within a reliability framework, highlighting issues such as the lack of invariance and the importance of various factors. It compares the results of slope reliability analysis with those conventionally used in practice as slope stability analysis. Usually, the probability of slope failure is mistakenly associated with the probability that a factor of safety is under a prescribed threshold.


RÉSUMÉ: La conception en ingénierie doit intégrer l’incertitude physique et la variabilité temporelle. En géotechnique, l’incertitude provient de l’hétérogénéité des sols, tandis que la variabilité temporelle résulte des vibrations naturelles ou mécaniques, ainsi que des fluctuations saisonnières de la nappe phréatique. Le Manuel canadien d’ingénierie des fondations (MCIF) inclut des avancées en conception fondée sur la fiabilité, mais reste limité quant aux relations entre facteur de sécurité, indice de fiabilité et probabilité de défaillance. La fiabilité présente trois défis majeurs : la définition des états de rupture (incertitude épistémique), la modélisation par variables aléatoires et l’évaluation numérique efficace de la probabilité de défaillance. Ce manuscrit discute les avantages et limites de l’analyse traditionnelle de stabilité des pentes dans un cadre probabiliste, en soulignant des enjeux comme le manque d’invariance des résultats. Il compare également les résultats obtenus par les approches traditionnelles et celles basées sur la fiabilité.


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Cite this article:
Oviedo, Diego, Rincon, Claudia (2025) Component and Systems Reliability Analysis into Slope Stability:Limitations of FOSM and Need for Unified Frameworks in GEO2025. Ottawa, Ontario: Canadian Geotechnical Society.

@inproceedings{Oviedo_GEO2025_292, author = {{Oviedo, Diego}, {Rincon, Claudia}}
title = {Component and Systems Reliability Analysis into Slope Stability:Limitations of FOSM and Need for Unified Frameworks }
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 78th Canadian Geotechnical Conference & 9th Canadian Permafrost Conference}
year = {2025}
organization = {The Canadian Geotechnical Society},
address = {Ottawa, Canada} }
Abstracts are Copyright © the Authors and used with permission. Online database Copyright © 2026 The Canadian Geotechnical Society. All rights reserved.